https://w3id.org/matsci-sam/vocabulary/precipitation_hardening
Canonical definition
A strengthening treatment in which a supersaturated alloy is aged so that fine second-phase particles form throughout the matrix, obstructing dislocation motion. Strength rises as the particles grow toward an optimum size and falls again if ageing continues and they coarsen.
The aluminium-copper alloy reached peak hardness after eight hours of precipitation hardening and softened with longer ageing.