MatSci-SAMhttps://w3id.org/matsci-sam/vocabulary/id4/band_gap/definitions/1The energy it takes to excite an electron from the top of the valence band to the bottom of the conduction band. Among other things, this dictates what wavelengths of light are absorbed by a material.
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The band gap of Si is 1.1 eV, so it starts absorbing in the infrared spectrum but also absorbs higher-energy visible and UV light.
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